{"id":3947,"date":"2018-01-15T07:18:24","date_gmt":"2018-01-15T07:18:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/niefrar.org\/?p=3947"},"modified":"2018-01-16T08:23:31","modified_gmt":"2018-01-16T08:23:31","slug":"%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af-%d8%a8%d9%86-%d8%ae%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/?p=3947","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e.. \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u00fc\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0648\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u064a: \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0645\u0633\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1972)([2]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1993)([3]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1924)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0630\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0644\u0629” \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1245\u0647\u0640\/ 1829-30\u0645) \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0630\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 18 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 (\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0632\u06af \u0648\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 25 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0631\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648: “\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/strong>“.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0642\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0632\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1171\u0647\u0640\/8-1757\u0645) \u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0651\u064e\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1188 \u0647\u0640\/ 1774\u0645)\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0632\u0643\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u063a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n1092\u0647\u0640\/1681-2\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0623\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0632\u06af<\/td>\n1092\u0647\u0640\/1681-2\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n1095\u0647\u0640\/1683-4\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644- \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1100\u0647\u0640\/ \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648-\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1682\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644- \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1100\u0647\u0640\/ \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648-\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1682\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0622\u0643\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 1114\u0647\u0640\/ 19 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1703\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

7<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1117\u0647\u0640\/ \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1705\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n1 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644 1139\u0647\u0640 \/ 21 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1727\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n1139\u0647\u0640\/ 1727\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

10<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0628\u0647<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n1140\u0647\u0640 \/ 1728\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

11<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n1140\u0647\u0640 \/ 1728\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

12<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0647\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n1140\u0647\u0640 \/ 1728\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

13<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n1142 \u0647\u0640\/ 1729-30\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

14<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 1170\u0647\u0640\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1757\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 1170\u0647\u0640\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1757\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

16<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n6 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 1170\u0647\u0640\/ 26 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1757\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

17<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n1185\u0647\u0640\/1771\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

18<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n\u061f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u064a\u0634\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n\u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1100\u0647\u0640 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1689\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646-\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644 1107\u0647\u0640\/\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1696\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0632\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n1040\u0647\u0640 1630-1\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n4 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1165\u0647\u0640 \/ 21 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1752\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062c\u0641\u062c\u0641<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n20 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 1175\u0647\u0640 \u0623\u064a 14 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1763\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0622\u0646\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n1176 \u0647\u0640\/ 1762-3\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0634\u0631\u0628\u0628\u0647<\/td>\n\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0628\u0644\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 1055 \u0647\u0640\/ 1645-6\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1085\u0647\u0640\/1674\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623- \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629- \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 2017\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629([5]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0631\u0630\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0652\u064a\u064f\u0648([6]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1870 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0631\u0630\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1904 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 1906\u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0652\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1917)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1921) \u00a0\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a([7]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1727) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1871)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1696) \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628 – \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646:<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 “\u0637\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0631”\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647… \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0634\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a([8]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1924\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631: “\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644” \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1913\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0644” \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1322\u0647\u0640\/ 1904-5\u0645) \u0641\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 1991([9]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u06de \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064e \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0641\u0648\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627 \u06de \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1391\u0647\u0640\/ 1971-2\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064a([10]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0630\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0652 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1386\u0647\u0640\/ 1966-7\u0645) \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1984)([11]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062f\u063a\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1995\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0643\u062c\u0629\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1219\u0647\u0640\/ 1804-5\u0645).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 959\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1169\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0629 1216\u0647\u0640. \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u06af\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0644\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a([12]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 “\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645” \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a 27 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a([13]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0630\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0635 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0622\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1185\u0647\u0640\/1771\u0645) \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062c\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06de \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0650\u063a\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0634\u064e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0650 \u06de \u0648\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0648\u0641 \u06de\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0641<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u06de \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u06de \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0634<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1170\u0647\u0640 \/ 1757\u0645) \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0647\u0652\u0648\u064e \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064e\u0627 \u06de \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u0641\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u063a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1166\u0647\u0640 \u0623\u064a 1753) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0634\u0647 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0647\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0632\u0646\u0627\u06af\u064e\u0647 \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645(\u0647\u0627).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062b\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0632\u06af\u0652 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0639\u06af\u0628\u064e\u0647 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646”([14]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0644\u062e…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0632\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 “\u0643\u0631\u0632\u062a\u0627\u0646” \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0632\u0646\u0627\u06af\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0644.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 (\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1986) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0632\u0629\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629: “\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 (Bynon) \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0627\u06af\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0633\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643.” \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0632\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0626\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2017 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627. \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0– Voir: R\u00e9n\u00e9 Basset, Mission au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, Tome 1, Paris, Ernest Leroux, 1913, pp 543-7.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>– \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645: 2548.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>– \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>– \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0– Voir: Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France, D\u00e9partement des manuscrits, Arabe 7037. Identifiant : ark:\/12148\/btv1b100311456.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0– Captaine Jean\u2013Baptiste Th\u00e9veniaut<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0– Chroniques de la Mauritanie s\u00e9n\u00e9galaise. Nacer Eddine : texte arabe, traduction et notice.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>\u00a0– Ren\u00e9 Basset<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>– \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u062f\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 1991.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>– \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0637 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a>– \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1998.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a>– \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0641\u064a 186 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a>– \u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0648.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a>– \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0634\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u2013 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646- \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0630\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 1990\u060c \u0635 84.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a>\u00a0– \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n

Abdel Wedoud Ould Cheikh, Nomadisme, islam et pouvoir politique dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 maure pr\u00e9coloniale (XI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle – XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle): essai sur quelques aspects du tribalisme. Front Cover. Abdel Wedoud Ould Cheikh. P 241.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a>– \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0645\u0628\u064e \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c (\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0631\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0652 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u064e\u0647\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0631 “\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f” \u0648”\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u064a:   “\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0646\u0627: \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 “. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3926,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3947","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rub13"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/http-legwareb.info-sites-default-files-http-legwareb.info-media-images-Me_1.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/phfll2-11F","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3947"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3947\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3926"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/niefrar.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}